Luxor, the ancient city of Thebes, one of the greatest cities of the ancient world and the capital of Egypt during the New Kingdom (~1550-1070 B.C.), was founded in 1400 B.C. Statues of Ramesses II, Egypt's greatest Pharaoh abound.
The avenue lined with sphinxes connected the temples of Luxor and Karnak.
The matching granite obelisk on the other side of the gate was carted away to the Place de la Concorde in Paris, given to the French by the Ottoman viceroy of Egypt in 1829.